84 research outputs found
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A framework for identifying suitable cases for using market-based approaches in industrial data acquisition
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from
the Library and Information Statistics Unit, Loughborough University via http://dx.doi.org/
https://idimc.files.wordpress.com/2015/09/idimc2014_proceedings1.pdfVarious researchers have suggested concepts for the application of market-based techniques for data management and data acquisition. However, very few concepts have successfully been implemented and shown a positive practical impact. This can partially be attributed to the lack of existing techniques in identifying appropriate scenarios. Using knowledge from existing successful market implementations in data acquisition, data management and related areas, this paper aims to close this gap. It develops a framework for identifying scenarios applicable for a market-based data acquisition approach. It finds that a heterogeneous environment with distributed decision-making based on partial information combined with assumptions about the users knowledge about the data he is using, can give a good indication for the application of market-based data acquisition approaches. The developed framework is applied towards two sample scenarios
Baseline study of employability related activities in Scottish colleges
In October 2004, the Scottish Funding Council (SFC)'s predecessor bodies, theSFEFC and the SHEFC, publishedLearning to Work(SFC 2004), a discussion paperabout how Scotland's colleges and universities can help to enhance learners'employability. In subsequent dialogue with stakeholders, there was agreement thatemployability should be a specific focus for quality enhancement in the college sectorfrom 2006-07. As a basis for further development, the SFC commissioned this studyto provide information on the range of current activities and practices in Scotland'scolleges which contribute to enhancing employability
Recommended from our members
An industrial data recommender system to solve the problem of data overload
This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from 23rd European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2015) via https://balsa.man.poznan.pl/indico/event/44/contribution/203Getting the right data to the right decision-maker is a significant problem for many industrial companies. One of the main reasons is an overload of data. With the increasing amounts of industrial data this problem is becoming a bigger problem in the future. In order to address this challenge we propose the use of an Industrial Data Recommender System (IDRS). An IDRS recommends additional data to append to the data the decision-maker is currently working with, using techniques from the recommender systems domain like content-based and collaborative filtering. Using industrial cases we found that an IDRS is capable of suggesting useful information to the decision-maker. This additional information should help them to improve their decision-making.Boein
The extraordinary radio galaxy MRC B1221-423: probing deeper at radio and optical wavelengths
We present optical spectra and high-resolution multi-wavelength radio
observations of the compact steep-spectrum radio source MRC B1221-423
(z=0.1706). MRC B1221-423 is a very young (~10^5 yr), powerful radio source
which is undergoing a tidal interaction with a companion galaxy. We find strong
evidence of interaction between the AGN and its environment. The radio
morphology is highly distorted, showing a dramatic interaction between the
radio jet and the host galaxy, with the jet being turned almost back on itself.
H I observations show strong absorption against the nucleus at an infall
velocity of ~250 km/s compared to the stellar velocity, as well as a second,
broader component which may represent gas falling into the nucleus. Optical
spectra show that star formation is taking place across the whole system. Broad
optical emission lines in the nucleus show evidence of outflow. Our
observations confirm that MRC B1221-423 is a young radio source in a gas-rich
nuclear environment, and that there was a time delay of a few x 100 Myr between
the onset of star formation and the triggering of the AGN.Comment: 15 pages, 13 figures, to appear in MNRA
Photospheric observations of surface and body modes in solar magnetic pores
Over the past number of years, great strides have been made in identifying the various low-order magnetohydrodynamic wave modes observable in a number of magnetic structures found within the solar atmosphere. However, one aspect of these modes that has remained elusive, until now, is their designation as either surface or body modes. This property has significant implications for how these modes transfer energy from the waveguide to the surrounding plasma. Here, for the first time to our knowledge, we present conclusive, direct evidence of these wave characteristics in numerous pores that were observed to support sausage modes. As well as outlining methods to detect these modes in observations, we make estimates of the energies associated with each mode. We find surface modes more frequently in the data, as well as that surface modes appear to carry more energy than those displaying signatures of body modes. We find frequencies in the range of ~2–12 mHz, with body modes as high as 11 mHz, but we do not find surface modes above 10 mHz. It is expected that the techniques we have applied will help researchers search for surface and body signatures in other modes and in differing structures from those presented here
A library of quantitative markers of seizure severity
OBJECTIVE: Understanding fluctuations in seizure severity within individuals is important for determining treatment outcomes and responses to therapy, as well as assessing novel treatments for epilepsy. Current methods for grading seizure severity rely on qualitative interpretations from patients and clinicians. Quantitative measures of seizure severity would complement existing approaches, for electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring, outcome monitoring, and seizure prediction. Therefore, we developed a library of quantitative EEG markers that assess the spread and intensity of abnormal electrical activity during and after seizures. METHODS: We analysed intracranial EEG (iEEG) recordings of 1009 seizures from 63 patients. For each seizure we computed 16 markers of seizure severity that capture the signal magnitude, spread, duration, and post-ictal suppression of seizures. RESULTS: Quantitative EEG markers of seizure severity distinguished focal vs. subclinical seizures across patients. In individual patients 53% had a moderate to large difference (ranksum r>0.3, p<0.05) between focal and subclinical seizures in three or more markers. Circadian and longer-term changes in severity were found for the majority of patients. SIGNIFICANCE: We demonstrate the feasibility of using quantitative iEEG markers to measure seizure severity. Our quantitative markers distinguish between seizure types and are therefore sensitive to established qualitative differences in seizure severity. Our results also suggest that seizure severity is modulated over different timescales. We envisage that our proposed seizure severity library will be expanded and updated in collaboration with the epilepsy research community to include more measures and modalities. © 2023 International League Against Epilepsy
Frontier AI Regulation: Managing Emerging Risks to Public Safety
Advanced AI models hold the promise of tremendous benefits for humanity, but
society needs to proactively manage the accompanying risks. In this paper, we
focus on what we term "frontier AI" models: highly capable foundation models
that could possess dangerous capabilities sufficient to pose severe risks to
public safety. Frontier AI models pose a distinct regulatory challenge:
dangerous capabilities can arise unexpectedly; it is difficult to robustly
prevent a deployed model from being misused; and, it is difficult to stop a
model's capabilities from proliferating broadly. To address these challenges,
at least three building blocks for the regulation of frontier models are
needed: (1) standard-setting processes to identify appropriate requirements for
frontier AI developers, (2) registration and reporting requirements to provide
regulators with visibility into frontier AI development processes, and (3)
mechanisms to ensure compliance with safety standards for the development and
deployment of frontier AI models. Industry self-regulation is an important
first step. However, wider societal discussions and government intervention
will be needed to create standards and to ensure compliance with them. We
consider several options to this end, including granting enforcement powers to
supervisory authorities and licensure regimes for frontier AI models. Finally,
we propose an initial set of safety standards. These include conducting
pre-deployment risk assessments; external scrutiny of model behavior; using
risk assessments to inform deployment decisions; and monitoring and responding
to new information about model capabilities and uses post-deployment. We hope
this discussion contributes to the broader conversation on how to balance
public safety risks and innovation benefits from advances at the frontier of AI
development.Comment: Update July 11th: - Added missing footnote back in. - Adjusted author
order (mistakenly non-alphabetical among the first 6 authors) and adjusted
affiliations (Jess Whittlestone's affiliation was mistagged and Gillian
Hadfield had SRI added to her affiliations) Updated September 4th: Various
typo
Density functional theory based screening of ternary alkali-transition metal borohydrides: A computational material design project
The dissociation of molecules, even the most simple hydrogen molecule, cannot be described accurately within density functional theory because none of the currently available functionals accounts for strong on-site correlation. This problem led to a discussion of properties that the local Kohn-Sham potential has to satisfy in order to correctly describe strongly correlated systems. We derive an analytic expression for the nontrivial form of the Kohn-Sham potential in between the two fragments for the dissociation of a single bond. We show that the numerical calculations for a one-dimensional two-electron model system indeed approach and reach this limit. It is shown that the functional form of the potential is universal, i.e., independent of the details of the two fragments.We acknowledge funding by the Spanish MEC (Grant No. FIS2007-65702-C02-01), “Grupos Consolidados UPV/EHU del Gobierno Vasco” (Grant No. IT-319-07), and the European Community through e-I3 ETSF project (Grant Agreement No. 211956).Peer reviewe
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